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Author: Home Helpers of Hagerstown & Frederick Hagerstown & Frederick

Maintaining a clean house, preparing meals, and managing personal hygiene are tasks most of us perform without much thought. But as aging progresses, these everyday responsibilities can become difficult to manage without support. If you’ve noticed a loved one in the Hagerstown or Frederick area struggling with these basic activities, it might be time to consider whether additional care is needed.

Understanding how to assess your loved one’s ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) is a crucial first step. These tools can help you determine when it’s appropriate to seek in-home care and what level of support may be most beneficial.

What Are ADLs?

ADLs are basic self-care tasks necessary for independent living. As individuals age, they may lose the ability to complete these on their own due to chronic illness, injury, or cognitive decline. According to the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, there are six primary ADLs:

1. Bathing and Showering – The ability to maintain personal hygiene.
2. Continence – The ability to control bladder and bowel functions.
3. Dressing – The ability to choose and put on appropriate clothing.
4. Mobility – The ability to move independently, including transferring in and out of bed or chairs.
5. Feeding – The ability to eat independently (not including meal prep).
6. Toileting – The ability to use the toilet without assistance.
   

When seniors begin struggling with one or more of these tasks, it’s often a sign they could benefit from professional support.

What Are IADLs?

IADLs involve more complex cognitive and organizational skills and are critical for living independently in the community. According to the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, these include:

1. Housekeeping – Ability to maintain a clean and safe living environment.
2. Laundry – Managing regular washing, drying, and storing of clothes.
3. Financial Management – Paying bills and managing personal finances.
4. Medication Management – Taking prescribed medications at the correct times and doses.
5. Meal Preparation – Planning and preparing nutritious meals.
6. Shopping – Buying groceries and other essential items.
7. Transportation – Navigating to appointments, errands, or social activities.
8. Using Technology – Operating phones, computers, or other communication tools.
   

Because IADLs require memory, planning, and judgment, they are often the first signs of cognitive decline—especially in conditions like dementia or Alzheimer’s.

Recognizing the Signs in Your Loved One

In the Hagerstown and Frederick region, many families find themselves wondering when to intervene. Keep an eye out for these red flags:

• Missed doctor appointments or confusion about medication schedules
• Spoiled food in the refrigerator or a lack of meal preparation
• An unkempt home that was once tidy
• A loved one wearing the same clothes for several days
• Mail piling up, unpaid bills, or frequent calls from creditors
• Changes in mood, personal hygiene, or social withdrawal
  

These subtle signs often indicate that your loved one is having trouble keeping up with either ADLs or IADLs—and may benefit from structured in-home assistance.

How Home Helpers of Hagerstown & Frederick Can Support You

At Home Helpers Home Care of Hagerstown & Frederick, we understand how difficult it can be to recognize when your loved one needs help—and even harder to take the next step. Our trained, compassionate Caregivers offer support tailored to the unique needs of your family.

We assist with:

• Personal care tasks like bathing, grooming, dressing, and toileting
• Meal prep and grocery planning to promote good nutrition
• Medication reminders and safety check-ins
• Light housekeeping and laundry
• Companionship and cognitive engagement for those living with memory loss
  

By working closely with families, we develop personalized care plans that evolve with your loved one’s needs—allowing them to maintain independence while remaining safe and supported at home.

Final Thoughts

Recognizing the need for help isn’t easy, but understanding ADLs and IADLs gives you the tools to make informed, compassionate decisions. Whether your loved one needs a little extra help each week or more involved daily support, Home Helpers of Hagerstown & Frederick is here to walk this journey with you.

Call us today at (240) 452-4650 to schedule a no-cost, no-obligation In-Home Care Assessment. We’re proud to serve families across Hagerstown, Frederick, and the surrounding communities with trusted, compassionate care.

Sources:

• Alzheimer’s Association. (2023). Understanding Daily Care Challenges
• National Institute on Aging. (2022). What Are ADLs and IADLs?
• Mayo Clinic. (2023). Elder Care Decision-Making Tools